{"id":9806,"date":"2025-11-26T17:30:09","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T09:30:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/?p=9806"},"modified":"2025-11-26T17:30:09","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T09:30:09","slug":"lequel-est-preferable-pour-un-debutant-fob-ou-cif-lorsque-vous-importez-des-pieces-metalliques-personnalisees-du-vietnam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/fr\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu'est-il pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable pour un d\u00e9butant \u2014 FOB ou CIF \u2014 lorsque vous importez des pi\u00e8ces m\u00e9talliques personnalis\u00e9es du Vietnam ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe data-testid=\"embed-iframe\" style=\"border-radius:12px\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/3HIOROInMbFD6s8sWKtEs1?utm_source=generator&amp;theme=0\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"float: right; margin-left: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px;\">\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/1a-buyer-in-a-home-office-with-a-contract-labeled-.png\" alt=\"L&#039;acheteur examine le contrat d&#039;exp\u00e9dition mondial dans son bureau \u00e0 domicile (ID#1)\" class=\"top-image-square\">\n<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve guided many first-time importers of custom metal parts out of Vietnam, and the question I hear most is: <strong>\u201cShould I ask for FOB or CIF in my supplier contract when sourcing from Vietnam?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>In short, for a beginner importing custom metal parts from Vietnam, CIF offers more logistical simplicity but at a higher cost, whereas FOB gives you more control and potentially better margins\u2014but also more responsibility and risk.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the following sections I\u2019ll break down definitions and responsibilities for FOB vs CIF, explore the risks and costs the buyer assumes under each, explain why a beginner might prefer one over the other in the Vietnam sourcing context, and give practical tips on how to negotiate the Incoterm in your supplier contract so it matches your risk appetite and logistics capability.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>What are the definitions and responsibilities under FOB vs CIF for Vietnam-U.S. trade?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under FOB (Free On Board), the seller in Vietnam handles export loading up to the vessel; under CIF (Cost, Insurance &amp; Freight), the seller arranges and pays for freight and insurance to the U.S. port, though risk transfers at loading.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Authoritative explanations of FOB and CIF responsibilities are provided by the <a href=\"https:\/\/iccwbo.org\/resources-for-business\/incoterms-rules\/\">International Chamber of Commerce Incoterms Rules<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"ref-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\nAdditional Incoterms shipping guidance is available from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/incoterms\">U.S. International Trade Administration<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"ref-2\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2a-container-being-loaded-on-a-cargo-ship-in-vietna.png\" alt=\"Le conteneur est charg\u00e9 sur un navire cargo au Vietnam (ID#2)\" title=\"Chargement \u00e0 l&#039;exportation du Vietnam\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Key responsibilities under each term<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>l'Incoterm<\/th>\n<th>Seller\u2019s responsibilities (Vietnam)<\/th>\n<th>Buyer\u2019s responsibilities (U.S. importer)<\/th>\n<th>Point de transfert des risques<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>FOB (port d'exportation du Vietnam)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>D\u00e9douanement \u00e0 l'exportation, chargement sur le navire.<\/td>\n<td>R\u00e9servation du fret, assurance de la cargaison, gestion de l'importation et de la livraison int\u00e9rieure.<\/td>\n<td>Lorsque les marchandises sont charg\u00e9es \u00e0 bord au Vietnam.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CIF (du Vietnam au port am\u00e9ricain)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>D\u00e9douanement \u00e0 l'exportation, paiement du fret et de l'assurance jusqu'au port am\u00e9ricain.<\/td>\n<td>D\u00e9douanement \u00e0 l'importation, frais de d\u00e9chargement, livraison int\u00e9rieure aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/td>\n<td>\u00c9galement lorsque les marchandises sont charg\u00e9es \u00e0 bord au Vietnam.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Les responsabilit\u00e9s Incoterms indiqu\u00e9es ci-dessus correspondent aux interpr\u00e9tations publi\u00e9es par les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/res_e\/reser_e\/training_e.htm\">Mat\u00e9riels de formation de l'Organisation Mondiale du Commerce<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"ref-3\">3<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>What risks and costs does the buyer assume under FOB compared to CIF when importing custom metal parts?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Sous FOB, les acheteurs ont le contr\u00f4le des co\u00fbts mais doivent g\u00e9rer la logistique ; sous CIF, les vendeurs s'occupent du fret et de l'assurance mais les acheteurs ont une visibilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e, des lacunes potentielles en mati\u00e8re d'assurance et des co\u00fbts de fret int\u00e9gr\u00e9s plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/3a-split-scene-illustration-fob-with-buyer-control.png\" alt=\"Sc\u00e8ne divis\u00e9e du contr\u00f4le d&#039;exp\u00e9dition FOB entre l&#039;acheteur et le fournisseur (ID#3)\" title=\"Contr\u00f4le de l&#039;exp\u00e9dition FOB\" \/><\/p>\n<p>L'efficacit\u00e9 des co\u00fbts et l'exposition aux risques FOB sont expliqu\u00e9es dans le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maersk.com\/insights\">Centre d'informations logistiques de Maersk<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"ref-4\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\nLa structure des co\u00fbts CIF et les limitations d'assurance sont d\u00e9taill\u00e9es par le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.allianz.com\/en\/products_solutions\/business\/claims\/cargo.html\">Guide d'assurance cargo d'Allianz<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"ref-5\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>Risques et consid\u00e9rations de co\u00fbt<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Article<\/th>\n<th>Sous FOB<\/th>\n<th>Sous CIF<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Contr\u00f4le des co\u00fbts de fret<\/td>\n<td>Vous choisissez et n\u00e9gociez.<\/td>\n<td>Le vendeur regroupe le fret \u2014 moins de transparence.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Responsabilit\u00e9 de l'assurance<\/td>\n<td>L'acheteur choisit la couverture.<\/td>\n<td>Le vendeur ach\u00e8te l'assurance (l'acheteur doit v\u00e9rifier l'ad\u00e9quation).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Itin\u00e9raire d'exp\u00e9dition et choix du transporteur<\/td>\n<td>Contr\u00f4le total de l'acheteur.<\/td>\n<td>Influence limit\u00e9e.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Responsabilit\u00e9 de l'importation<\/td>\n<td>L'acheteur s'occupe du c\u00f4t\u00e9 am\u00e9ricain.<\/td>\n<td>Idem pour CIF.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gestion de la visibilit\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>Plus \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/td>\n<td>Plus bas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Prime de co\u00fbt<\/td>\n<td>Plus bas une fois optimis\u00e9.<\/td>\n<td>Plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 \u2014 inclut la marge du vendeur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Complexit\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>Plus \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/td>\n<td>Plus bas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Why might a beginner prefer one Incoterm over the other in Vietnam sourcing?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>De nombreux d\u00e9butants choisissent le CIF pour sa simplicit\u00e9, tandis que les acheteurs qui pr\u00e9voient de passer \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle passent souvent au FOB pour un contr\u00f4le des co\u00fbts \u00e0 long terme et une visibilit\u00e9 sur le routage.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4an-importer-calculating-long-term-savings-using-fo.png\" alt=\"L&#039;importateur analyse les \u00e9conomies du mod\u00e8le d&#039;exp\u00e9dition FOB (ID#4)\" title=\"Analyse des co\u00fbts FOB\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Des conseils pour choisir les Incoterms sont soutenus par le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/basic-guide-importing\">Guide pour d\u00e9butants en importation d'Export.gov<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"ref-6\">6<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\nDes exemples d'impacts de la d\u00e9cision CIF vs FOB sont explor\u00e9s dans le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexport.com\/learn\/\">Centre d'\u00e9ducation sur le transport maritime mondial de Flexport<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"ref-7\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>How to negotiate Incoterm in supplier contract to match your risk appetite and logistical capability?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>La n\u00e9gociation de la clause Incoterm n\u00e9cessite de sp\u00e9cifier les responsabilit\u00e9s, les exigences de chargement, la coordination du transitaire, les d\u00e9tails de l'assurance et la flexibilit\u00e9 de transition des commandes futures.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/5a-contract-document-with-highlighted-terms-incot.png\" alt=\"Document contractuel montrant les clauses Incoterms et les signatures (ID#5)\" title=\"D\u00e9tails du contrat Incoterms\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Des conseils sur la structuration contractuelle sont confirm\u00e9s par les <a href=\"https:\/\/uncitral.un.org\/\">Principes de contractualisation de la CNUDCI<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"ref-8\">8<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\nLa clarification du transfert des risques suit les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences de formation de l'ICC fournies par le biais du <a href=\"https:\/\/icc.academy\/incoterms\">ICC Academy<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"ref-9\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\nLes strat\u00e9gies de n\u00e9gociation logistique fournisseur-acheteur sont r\u00e9sum\u00e9es dans la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apec.org\">Bo\u00eete \u00e0 outils logistique pour PME de l'APEC<\/a> <sup><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"ref-10\">10<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>Clauses contractuelles \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Clause<\/th>\n<th>Ce qu'elle devrait dire<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>D\u00e9finition Incoterm<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Doit lister le terme + le lieu + les INCOTERMS 2020.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Conditions de chargement des conteneurs<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Le fournisseur doit charger, s\u00e9curiser et sceller correctement.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Clause d'assurance<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>CIF doit sp\u00e9cifier la valeur de l'assurance, les conditions et la preuve.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Clause de transfert des risques<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Clarifier le point de transfert \u201c \u00e0 bord \u201d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Clause de coordination logistique<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Calendrier de nomination du transitaire.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Transition de commande future<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Permet de passer du CIF au FOB plus tard.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>Pour les d\u00e9butants important des pi\u00e8ces m\u00e9talliques personnalis\u00e9es du Vietnam, le CIF est le point d'entr\u00e9e le plus simple, tandis que le FOB offre plus de contr\u00f4le \u00e0 long terme et une meilleure efficacit\u00e9 des co\u00fbts une fois que les capacit\u00e9s logistiques s'am\u00e9liorent.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Notes de bas de page<\/h2>\n<p><span id=\"footnote-1\">1. R\u00e8gles officielles de l'ICC d\u00e9finissant les responsabilit\u00e9s FOB et CIF. <a href=\"#ref-1\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-2\">2. Guide de l'ITA expliquant l'utilisation des Incoterms pour les importateurs am\u00e9ricains. <a href=\"#ref-2\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-3\">3. Mat\u00e9riaux de formation de l'OMC expliquant le transfert des risques selon les Incoterms. <a href=\"#ref-3\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-4\">4. Analyse de Maersk sur les pressions logistiques c\u00f4t\u00e9 acheteur en FOB. <a href=\"#ref-4\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-5\">5. Guide d'Allianz d\u00e9crivant les exigences d'assurance en CIF. <a href=\"#ref-5\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-6\">6. Guide pour d\u00e9butants en importation aux \u00c9tats-Unis expliquant les responsabilit\u00e9s de l'acheteur. <a href=\"#ref-6\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-7\">7. Contenu \u00e9ducatif de Flexport sur le choix des Incoterms. <a href=\"#ref-7\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-8\">8. Guide de la CNUDMI sur l'allocation des risques contractuels. <a href=\"#ref-8\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-9\">9. Formation Incoterms de l'ICC Academy pour la pr\u00e9cision des contrats. <a href=\"#ref-9\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"footnote-10\">10. Bo\u00eete \u00e0 outils logistique pour PME de l'APEC sur la n\u00e9gociation du fret acheteur-fournisseur. <a href=\"#ref-10\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/span>  <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I\u2019ve guided many first-time importers of custom metal parts out of Vietnam, and the question I hear most is: \u201cShould I ask for FOB or CIF in my supplier contract when sourcing from Vietnam?\u201d In short, for a beginner importing custom metal parts from Vietnam, CIF offers more logistical simplicity but at a higher cost, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":9813,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[217],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manufacturing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Which is better for a beginner\u2014FOB or CIF\u2014when you import custom metal parts from Vietnam? - 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Dewin - Help You Make Custom Parts &amp; Assembilies in Vietnam &amp; China","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow"},"og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Which is better for a beginner\u2014FOB or CIF\u2014when you import custom metal parts from Vietnam?","og_description":"I\u2019ve guided many first-time importers of custom metal parts out of Vietnam, and the question I hear most is: \u201cShould I ask for FOB or CIF in my supplier contract when sourcing from Vietnam?\u201d In short, for a beginner importing custom metal parts from Vietnam, CIF offers more logistical simplicity but at a higher cost, [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/fr\/blog\/lequel-est-preferable-pour-un-debutant-fob-ou-cif-lorsque-vous-importez-des-pieces-metalliques-personnalisees-du-vietnam\/","og_site_name":"Dewin - Help You Make Custom Parts &amp; Assembilies in Vietnam &amp; China","article_published_time":"2025-11-26T09:30:09+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1365,"height":1024,"url":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2a-container-being-loaded-on-a-cargo-ship-in-vietna.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Beryl","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Beryl","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/"},"author":{"name":"Beryl","@id":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/#\/schema\/person\/fa5f6349a3dd703178faee7760d1a717"},"headline":"Which is better for a beginner\u2014FOB or CIF\u2014when you import custom metal parts from Vietnam?","datePublished":"2025-11-26T09:30:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/"},"wordCount":771,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2a-container-being-loaded-on-a-cargo-ship-in-vietna.png","articleSection":["Manufacturing"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/dewintech.com\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/","url":"https:\/\/dewintech.com\/blog\/which-is-better-for-a-beginner-fob-or-cif-when-you-import-custom-metal-parts-from-vietnam\/","name":"Which is better for a beginner\u2014FOB or CIF\u2014when you import custom metal parts from Vietnam? - 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